summery
portals are ring shaped devices capable of transporting matter and energy through a wormhole to another connecting portal. first a coordinate calculation is used to connect one portal to another and if the coordinate points to a space which is within one light year of a portal it will connect to that portal like a lightning bolt finding the point of least resistance then the wormhole will open. The range of a possible connection depends on how much energy is available to create a wormhole and its exponential the further away it is that's why most species are only able to make a connection of about 60 light years, but it is possible to go portal hoping and create several wormhole connections between portals to get further instead of going in a single jump. However the Theoretical limit is 12.8 billion light years because that's when the energy requirement would become infinite according to our current math.
portals can also be put in space to allow ships to travel through as FTL shortcuts.
portals on planets offer a good alternative to starship FTL travel and are often used by people who cant afford thier own ship
history
Portals were a technology originally created by the Vendalah as a means of transporting from their ships to nearby star-systems to collect their parahuman pray, but the technology has been appropriated by many other species and now the knowledge of how to create these devices is publicly available to most advanced species, and each species' version of the portal is cross compatible with each other so a portal created by the gondia is able to connect to one created by the Vendalah as long as its within range, the reason for this is because portals are essentially just conductors for wormholes and the real power is in the computer that does the space and distance calculation.